RAILROAD GRADE "QUESTIONS OF TITLE" - REALLY?

Life, liberty, and property do not exist because men have made laws. On the contrary, it was the fact that life, liberty, and property existed beforehand that caused men to make laws in the first place. --Frederic Bastiat

See if the law takes from some persons what belongs to them, and gives it to other persons to whom it does not belong. See if the law benefits one citizen at the expense of another by doing what the citizen himself cannot do without committing a crime. --Frederic Bastiat

1/19/07 WI Federal Order 06-C-348-S. Never U.S. reversion-page 7 par.2

1/09/07 Houghton County MI Court rules against MIDNR in trail case.

4/4/05 U.S. Appellate Court sides with landowners against forced trail

10/23/01 BLM: No 43 USC §912 federal reversion of Mellen grade

10/08/97 STB denys WDNR attempted railbanking of Mellen grade

4/30/97 Federal Court #95-3728 confirms Mellen grade abandoned 1987

Preseault v. United States and State of Vermont case # 93-5067 (1996)

Green Bay & Western W. R. Co. v. Wis. Transp. Comm., 123 Wis.2d 147 365 (1985)

Pollnow v. Department of Natural Resources, 88 Wis.2d 350 (1979)

U.S. SUPREME COURT CASES CONFIRMING PATENT DEEDS

1984 U.S. Supreme Court patent deeds against attack

1864 Stone vs. U.S. confirms patent deeds against attack (page 1)

1864 Stone vs. U.S. confirms patent deeds against attack (page 2)

1864 Stone vs. U.S. confirms patent deeds against attack (page 3)

1864 Stone vs. U.S. confirms patent deeds against attack (page 4)

WISCONSIN DNR USING BAYFIELD COUNTY WI BOARD
FOR PRIVATE PROPERTY SEIZURE EXPERIMENT

The WDNR, working through the Bayfield County board of supervisors, has been attempting to perfect a plan of large-scale land grabs of privately owned, already reverted railroad grade through private properties throughout the state for snowmobile trail creation.

This trail system is being created at the expense of thousands of landowners, without either due process or just compensation to them, through a sleight of hand called 43 U.S.C. § 912 - 16 U.S.C. § 1248(c), and outright Working Adverse Possession

Former Attorney General James Doyle declared snowmobile trails to be highways, and the Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance and County Board are already attempting highway style Working Adverse Possession of Trail 63.

It is land theft of the most massive and abusive kind. It is dividing and severing land and homeowners from thousands of acres of their own properties -- and in some cases -- from their own homes.

It is a sin to be silent when it is your duty to protest. -- Abraham Lincoln

With reasonable men I will reason; with humane men I will plead; but with tyrants, I will give no quarter, nor waste arguments where they will certainly be lost. -- William Lloyd Garrison

WARNING TO BAYFIELD COUNTY WI PRIVATE PROPERTY OWNERS:

The purpose of this letter is to try to save other Abandoned Railroad Right of Way landowners from being caught off guard.

Before purchasing our property, we were assured by lawyers, Title Insurance, the Register of Deeds in Bayfield County and a second Title and Abstract Company that the abandoned railroad right of way which runs through our land belonged to us. We were aware of the grade being used as a snowmobile trail, but we never dreamed it would cause so many problems.

I was born and raised here. I moved away for several years, and my husband and I decided that this is where we wanted to live. After two winters here, we were sure that the snowmobile trail was so out of control that something had to be done. My driveway is a raceway for snowmobiles, motorcycles and ATV's year round, I have watched as snowmobiles swerve to hit my pets, I walk out of my house to see that my driveway is a public restroom, on still winter days I can't stand to be outside because the air is so thick with exhaust, the noise these machines make is so loud by the time they reach my house going speeds that make the speed limit on highways seem like a crawl is unbearable and it is routine to pick up the beer cans, oil containers and garbage that these people are nice enough to leave for me. Hunters use the grade as well, in all vehicles. Strangers with guns, and all this goes on less than 60 feet from my home.

I have been confronted on my driveway while walking down to get my mail. Those who do these things truly believe that they have every right to go where they want, when they want regardless of who the property belongs to. My driveway is not a part of the grade, the grade crosses it so it's convenient for many to use it as a shortcut. Those of you who are living on abandoned railroad grades have all these things to look forward to. Please don't let anyone or any organization tell you that these Trails, will not cause you problems. Your property values will be affected and most likely, your life will change. There will be costly lawsuits, sleepless nights and many headaches.

When all of this started, our goal was to get the trail rerouted away from our home. It was never our intention to close the trail. We started by talking to the Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance here, only to find out after a year that the County claimed ownership. At one point, they worked out a proposal to move the trail, and they even had an estimate for the cost. We thought it was going to be moved, that it was a done deal - - but then the Snowmobile Alliance and County discovered 43 U.S.C. 912 and decided to turn us into a test case.

I have written letters to Rep. Dave Obey, last November. I just got an answer a few weeks ago. His response was Sorry - there is no legislation in Congress at this time that will help you. I realize that one person is not enough to move mountains, but there are so many of you affected by this, if you all wrote to him action would have to be taken. At this point there are no government agencies that are willing to help us.

The lawsuit against us by Bayfield County has been through Circuit Court, where the Court ruled in the County's favor. It is now in Federal Court. The cost for all this has been very high, financially and emotionally. It's time to stop this madness, and get involved. Let's put an end to this illegal land grabbing!

Sincerely,

Judy Mauler

LANDOWNERS BARRICADE THEIR PROPERTY
AS RESPONSE TO SEIZURE ACTIVITIES:

BAYFIELD GRADE-TRAIL BARRICADES

43 USC §912 is being attempted against the odd numbered sections of land on this former railroad grade.

Adverse Possession is being attempted against both the even and odd numbered sections on land on this former railroad grade.

The State of Wisconsin Department of Justice and Bayfield County board of supervisors - WDNR have recently declared snowmobile trails to be Highways.

An immediate result of this newfound highway condition is the Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance, County Board and the WDNR have declared Adverse Possession Working and Common Law Dedication of the entire reverted grade in order to seize, for free, all private property that it crosses. [See Documentation section below. The next steps will be large-scale gas-tax funding and highway style Condemnation of private property in Bayfield County (and elsewhere) for snowmobile trails.]

Ashland Daily Press 11/1/01: "Attorney for the county Richard Nordeng said the county believes the grade is theirs, it's a public highway. And yes, if forced the county can argue that in essence there is an adverse possession claim." [See 11/1/01 article below.]

Aware of these adverse possession threats, savy private property owners along this entire grade have united together and barricaded the grade shut in multiple locations in order to stop the threats to their property ownership. The Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance has been dispatching its members to trespass onto private property and attempt to tear down the barricades.

CHIEF PROMOTERS OF SEIZING BAYFIELD COUNTY PRIVATE PROPERTY

WDNR Trails Manager Terry Jordan.

WDNR attorney Richard Henneger.

EARL ORNER:

Earl Orner is Vice President of the Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance. Mr. Orner is working diligently to fulfill the WDNR's dream to publicly seize a strip of land thousands of miles long through countless Wisconsin private properties for snowmobile trails.

Orner is vice president of the Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance.

Orner e-mail links him to Jim Saari, Terry Jordan, etc.

NEWS ARTICLES, EDITORIALS, ETC.

2/14/07 Bayfield County to appeal corridor ruling

1/31/07 Bayfield Co. landowners close trail as response to scofflaw Board

1/30/07 Scofflaw Bayfield Board proclaims private property trail highway

1/19/07 Federal Court rules against Bayfield County WI in Johnson case.

06/06 Bayfield County WI strikes some private land from its highway claim

06/30/06 Johnsons & others file federal case to quiet title to their property

06/06 Bayfield County WI declares private property public highway trail

3/1/05 Trail issues haunt Bayfield County

3/1/05 Bayfield County urged to consider property rights in snowmobile trail issue

10/1/04 Attorneys to talk out Bayfield County trail issue

9/8/04 Ad hoc committee is county's last hope

9/2/04 County needs to put up or shut up

9/2/04 Forget the big stick

9/1/04 Bayfield County releases opinion on trail corridor

8/31/04 ROW Trails Legal Fund

8/26/04 Railroad corridor opinion release in the works

8/14/04 Action needed on trail systems

8/13/04 Bayfield County ad hoc trail panel faces daunting task

8/9/04 Don't panic over snowmobile trails

7/28/04 Bayfield Co. Board seeks resolution with railroad corridor owners

6/30/04 Bayfield County tables railroad corridor recommendations

6/9/04 Nix trail expansion for Bayfield County

6/3/04 Property owners to Bayfield County: Stay off our land

1/23/04 Railroad right-of way issue sent to tourism panel

12/22/03 Litigation threatened over rail corridor right-of-way

12/22/03 Who really owns abandoned right-of-way?

6/3/03 Railroad grant decision could apply to other federal grade segments

5/30/03 Bayfield Co.: U.S. Supreme Ct. declines 43 USC §912 review

2/13/03 Bayfield Co.: No re-route; U.S. Supreme Ct. for 43 USC §912

12/16/02 Mauler case: What does it mean for landowners?

11/5/02 Bayfield County decision upheld for federally granted RR parcels

3/19/02 WDNR pays $175,000 for 1 block long trail easement

3/13/02 Bayfield Co. Board waffles on private property seizure

3/11/02 Liz Quast writes to Earl Orner over trail problems

3/7/02 Maulers appealing Crabb's railroad grade decision

1/25/02 Snowmobile trail ownership questions concern panel

1/10/02 Police Department to step up snowmobile enforcement

12/27/01 Ad Hoc committee planned to help resolve Bayfield Co. trail issues

12/12/01 Bayfield Co. Board taking legal action to keep trails open

12/12/01 We need the good of snowmobiling, but not the troubles

12/10/01 Judge Crabb rules Bayfield Co. established highway on grade

11/1/01 Bayfield Co. attorney admits trail Adverse Possession claims

7/21/01 Maulers respond to Earl Orner's spin

7/19/01 Earl Orner spins Mauler case

7/12/01 County Journal covers Bayfield County Mauler case

10/5/00 Wisconsin DNR plans on linking state

8/18/00 Orner, VP of Snowmobile Alliance, pushes seizures

MAULER FEDERAL COURT DOCUMENTATION:

1/19/07 Federal Court rules against Bayfield County WI in Johnson case.

2/23/03 Mauler Petition to U.S. Supreme Court (Adobe PDF file)

10/31/02 7th Circuit rules federally granted RR parcels under 43USC §912

1/9/02 Motion for reconsideration denied

1/3/02 Mauler Motion for Reconsideration

10/1/01 Bayfield Co.-WDNR: Trail #63 Working Adverse Possession

10/1/01 Bayfield Co.-WDNR: Trail #63 Highway

9/18/01 Maulers reply to Bayfield Co.-WDNR Motion for Sum. Judgement

9/18/01 Maulers reply to Bayfield Co.-WDNR "findings of fact - law"

8/31/01 Attorney General James Doyle: Snowmobile trails Highways

8/29/01 Bayfield Co.-WDNR: Trail #63 Highway

8/29/01 Bayfield Co.-WDNR: Trail #63 Working Adverse Possession

8/29/01 Bayfield Co.-WDNR: Trail #63 Common Law Dedication

6/29/01 Mauler Motion for Summary Judgement against 43 USC §912

OTHER DOCUMENTATION MAULER-JOHNSON CASES:

04-27-06 Bayfield County Snowmobile Alliance Private Property Hit List

Rails To Trails Conservancy - 43 USC § 912 Wisconsin land impact

Rails To Trails Conservancy - 43 USC § 912 impacts 3.6 million acres

12/00 WDNR Terry Jordan tries to apply 43 USC § 912 to Maulers

8/12/99 WDNR attempts 43 USC § 912 against Mellen grade.

Bayfield Co. Snowmobile Alliance & Board test case Maulers

Earl Orner draws up & signs off on re-route plan for Maulers (page 1)

Earl Orner draws up & signs off on re-route plan for Maulers (page 2)

Snowmobile Alliance V.P. Earl Orner asked to re-route at Maulers

BLM DECLARES NO FEDERAL REVERSIONARY INTEREST
IN MELLEN WI TO BESSEMER MI "SOO LINE" GRADE
( MELLEN TO HURLEY GRADE )

11/21/01 BLM cover letter for Solicitor General decision

BLM Assistant Field Manager Chris Hanson reported that the United States Department of Interior Solicitor General has released the long awaited federal decision concerning Wisconsin railroad grades that potentially fell under federal reverter laws.

11/7/01 BLM: U.S. did not grant public right-of-way Hurley to Mellen *

10/23/01 BLM: No 43 USC §912 federal reversion of Mellen grade

12/6/00 Questions answered about grade

10/08/97 STB denys WDNR attempted railbanking of Mellen grade

4/30/97 Federal Court #95-3728 confirms Mellen grade abandoned 1987

* In a ten page long legal memorandum, the Solicitor General determined:

1. The Federal government did not issue land directly to the railroad company anywhere on the Mellen WI to Bessemer MI grade.

2. The railroad obtained the land without reservations, from non-federal sources, thereby free from any possible federal involvement or federal reverter provisions.

3. Because the railroad company obtained the land from non-federal sources, and not from the federal government, the railroad obtained free and clear title to the land, and the federal government and State of Wisconsin obtained absolutely no reversionary interests provided under 43 USC §912 or 16 USC §1248(c).

4. The railroad company in many instances sold its fee simple interests to private owners or lost the fee simple land interest to tax deeds, obtaining only a railroad easement for trackage.

5. The status of this grade, therefore, falls directly under Wisconsin and Michigan state law, such as the court decision Pollnow v. DNR (any property interest held by a railroad that is less than fee simple absolute automatically reverts the land to the abutting landowner[s] when the railroad ceases to operate).

CASE 00-CV-36 SETTLES TITLE ON FORMER
IRON HORSE TRAIL IN IRON COUNTY WI

10-24-01 Ironwood Daily Globe covers case 00-CV-36.

10/08/01 Iron Co. WI 00-CV-36 confirms Iron Horse private property

Ashland Co. Volume 21 Page 173 right of way deed under review.

Ashland Co. Volume 21 Page 174 right of way deed under review.

3/27/01 Jodie Bednar declares Adverse Possession of Iron Horse Trail.

3/27/01 Iron Co. Clerk declares Adverse Possession of Iron Horse Trail.

2/15/01 Landowner files for partial summary judgement against Iron County.

OTHER DOCUMENTATION "IRON HORSE TRAIL"

3/30/98 Iron Co: No abstract of title for Iron Horse Trail purchase.

1/21/85 Iron Co: No easement for Rock Cut.

Fall 84 Iron County: Clear title problem.

8/8/84 Iron County: Reports completion of right-of-way purchase.

Iron Co. QCD 88008 recorded against private property located:

T47-R1W: Sec.31, Sec.32
T46-R1W: Sec.3, Sec.2, Sec.1
T46-R1E Sec.6, Sec.5, Sec.8, Sec.9, Sec.4, Sec.3, Sec.2, Sec.11, Sec.12
T46-R2E: Sec.17, Sec.21

Iron Co. QCD 88009 recorded against private property located:

T46-R1W: Sec.1
T46-R1E: Sec.4, Sec.2

Iron Co. abstract pages showing private property Iron Co. QCDs recorded against.

5/10/84 Iron County District Attorney: Be satisfied with title, if any.

4/18/84 CNW: Warns Iron County to obtain abstract of title.

12/5/83 DOT: Warns against purchasing land that railroad does not own.

Winter 83 Iron County announces Iron Horse trail in process.

9/16/83 Iron County: Wants to purchase grade CNW CNW has good title to.

8/8/83 Iron County: Wants to purchase all grade CNW owns.

3/30/83 Salzmann: Iron County would look rather foolish if....

3/23/83 Forestry minutes: Salzmann offered $5000 for grade with clear title.

3/2/83 CNW: Iron County stated 19 miles where title is good.

3/2/83 Iron Co.: Discusses reversionary deeds, indicates 19 miles not reverted.

3/1/83 Tom Ponik: County should offer $5000 for warrantee deed for grade.

2/16/83 Forestry minutes: Permit and easement problems for grade.

3/28/82 Railroad: Will sell 356 acres of good title for $115,400.

3/12/82 Jaronitsky: It is difficult to determine grade ownership.

3/5/82 Rep. June Jaronitsky informed Iron Co. interested in grade.

2/16/82 Iron County: Letter to CNW inquiring about grade.